Smart Scholars🛡 Scholar Shield🏛 Research Integrity Desk🧩 Portfolio Console📰 Journals🔧 DOI MembersTools🔎 Journal AuditGI GetIndexedDr DOI Doctor

Kernel Metadata Declaration — on demand

ISO 26324 asks a DOI Registration Agency to produce a Kernel Metadata Declaration for every DOI it issues. Give any DOI: its public record becomes a record in the Smart Scholars DOI Metadata Format 1.0, checked against every rule, and declared as the Kernel XML.

Reads the DOI's public Crossref record; nothing is stored. Until Smart Scholars is accredited, every Declaration is marked as a draft in the XML itself.

✓ Meets every rule of the format

The record below is complete and every controlled value is a DOI Attribute Value Set 2.3 spelling. The Declaration on the right follows DOIMetadataKernel.xsd element by element.

What the DOI identifies

A Fernet Based Lightweight Cryptography Adopted Enhancing Certificate Validation through Blockchain Technology

10.46243/jst.2024.v9.i1.pp21-29 · JournalArticle — an article in a journal · Digital · Visual · Language · en

Published 2024-01-25

Part of Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 9 · no. 1 · pp. 21–29

Principal agents

  • K. Obulesh K. Obulesh (author → Author)
  • Longman Publishers (publisher → Publisher)

Also in the record, outside the Kernel: the abstract, the licence, 4 links, 12 references. Source: Crossref (member 25296), registered 2024-02-16, last deposited 2026-09-17.

⬇ Record (JSON) ⬇ Declaration (XML)

System metadata — ISO 26324:2025, Annex B · DOI Handbook 10.1

Each element by the standard's name and the Handbook's (in grey), read off the record.

DOI Name
DOI name
10.46243/jst.2024.v9.i1.pp21-29
Referent Type
referentType
Creation
Referent Sub-Type
referentSubType
JournalArticle — an article in a journal
Referent Name(s)
referentName(s)
A Fernet Based Lightweight Cryptography Adopted Enhancing Certificate Validation through Blockchain Technology (PrincipalTitle, en)
Basic Metadata
basicMetadata
author: K. Obulesh K. Obulesh
publisher: Longman Publishers
published: 2024-01-25
part of: Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 9 · no. 1 · pp. 21–29
language: en
form: Digital · Visual · Language
Referent Identifier(s)
alternateIdentifier(s)
none besides the DOI
Registration Authority
registrationAuthorityCode
Crossref — issued by Crossref (member 25296); held here as a copy
Created Date
issueDate
2024-02-16
relatedIdentifiersnone needed — the descriptive metadata is in this record

The record

{
    "format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0",
    "doi": "10.46243/jst.2024.v9.i1.pp21-29",
    "referent": "Creation",
    "type": "JournalArticle",
    "structural_type": "Digital",
    "modes": [
        "Visual"
    ],
    "characters": [
        "Language"
    ],
    "titles": [
        {
            "value": "A Fernet Based Lightweight Cryptography Adopted Enhancing Certificate Validation through Blockchain Technology",
            "type": "PrincipalTitle",
            "lang": "en"
        }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
        {
            "type": "DOI",
            "value": "10.46243/jst.2024.v9.i1.pp21-29"
        }
    ],
    "agents": [
        {
            "role": "author",
            "name": {
                "given": "K. Obulesh",
                "family": "K. Obulesh"
            },
            "sequence": "first"
        },
        {
            "role": "publisher",
            "name": {
                "org": "Longman Publishers"
            }
        }
    ],
    "dates": {
        "published": "2024-01-25",
        "date_type": "PublicationDate",
        "online": "2024-01-25"
    },
    "language": "en",
    "container": {
        "type": "Journal",
        "titles": [
            {
                "value": "Journal of Science & Technology",
                "type": "PrincipalTitle"
            }
        ],
        "identifiers": [
            {
                "type": "ISSN",
                "value": "2456-5660",
                "medium": "electronic"
            }
        ],
        "volume": "9",
        "issue": "1",
        "pages": {
            "first": "21",
            "last": "29"
        }
    },
    "links": [
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/14",
            "return_type": "text/html",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/14/7",
            "purpose": "text-mining",
            "return_type": "application/pdf"
        },
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/14/1406",
            "purpose": "text-mining",
            "return_type": "application/xml"
        },
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/admin/uploads/D14.%20A%20Blockchain%20based%20Secure%20and%20Efficient%20Validation%20System%20for%20Digital%20Certificates%20doc.pdf",
            "purpose": "similarity-checking"
        }
    ],
    "abstract": {
        "value": "Certificate forgery has become a pervasive issue, necessitating a transformative approach to validation processes. The limitations of traditional methods have prompted the exploration of cutting-edge technologies, with blockchain emerging as a promising solution. The conventional system relies on manual verification processes that are time-consuming, opaque, and prone to fraudulent activities. Physical examination of paper-based certificates and reliance on centralized databases make the system vulnerable to tampering and counterfeiting. The drawbacks of the current system include its susceptibility to data manipulation, lack of transparency, and inefficiency. This section critically evaluates the shortcomings of traditional certificate validation methods, setting the stage for the proposed blockchain-based solution.The proposed system leverages blockchain technology, specifically implementing the Fernet Based Lightweight Cryptography (Fernet-LWC) algorithm, to enhance the security and efficiency of certificate validation. The Fernet-LWC algorithm offers cryptographic protection, ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of certificate data. The blockchain’s decentralized nature eliminates the need for a central authority, reducing the risk of data manipulation and fostering trust in the validation process. Each certificate issuance is securely recorded on the blockchain, creating an immutable and transparent trail. This section delves into the technical aspects of the proposed system, providing a detailed explanation of how the Fernet-LWC algorithm ensures data security and integrity. A comprehensive analysis of the proposed system’s architecture and implementation details is presented. This includes the integration of the Fernet-LWC algorithm into the blockchain framework, ensuring a secure and efficient certificate validation process. The system’s components, their interactions, and the underlying cryptographic mechanisms are elucidated, providing a clear understanding of how the proposed solution operates",
        "lang": "en"
    },
    "license": {
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "start": "2024-01-25",
        "applies_to": "vor"
    },
    "references": [
        {
            "key": "ref1",
            "doi": "10.1155/2021/8016525",
            "unstructured": "Siam, A.I.; Almaiah, M.A.; Al-Zahrani, A.; Elazm, A.A.; El Banby, G.M.; El-Shafai, W.; El-Samie, F.E.A.; El-Bahnasawy, N.A. Secure Health Monitoring Communication Systems Based on IoT and Cloud Computing for Medical Emergency Applications. Comput. Intell. Neurosci. 2021, 2021, 8016525"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref2",
            "doi": "10.1007/978-3-030-87954-9_13",
            "unstructured": "Ali, A.; Pasha, M.F.; Fang, O.H.; Khan, R.; Almaiah, M.A.; KAl Hwaitat, A. Big data based smart blockchain for information retrieval in privacy-preserving healthcare system. In Big Data Intelligence for Smart Applications; Springer International Publishing: Cham, Switzerland, 2022; pp. 279–296. [Google Scholar]"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref3",
            "doi": "10.3390/electronics11203330",
            "unstructured": "Altulaihan, E.; Almaiah, M.A.; Aljughaiman, A. Cybersecurity Threats, Countermeasures and Mitigation Techniques on the IoT: Future Research Directions. Electronics 2022, 11, 3330. [Google Scholar]"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref4",
            "doi": "10.1109/access.2020.2979253",
            "unstructured": "Hasnain, M.; Pasha, M.F.; Ghani, I.; Mehboob, B.; Imran, M.; Ali, A. Benchmark Dataset Selection of Web Services Technologies: A Factor Analysis; IEEE Access: Piscataway, NJ, USA, 2020; Volume 8, pp. 53649–53665. [Google Scholar]"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref5",
            "doi": "10.3390/electronics10162034",
            "unstructured": "Ali, A.; Rahim, H.A.; Pasha, M.F.; Dowsley, R.; Masud, M.; Ali, J.; Baz, M. Security, Privacy, and Reliability in Digital Healthcare Systems Using Blockchain. Electronics 2021, 10, 2034. [Google Scholar]"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref6",
            "doi": "10.3390/s22041448",
            "unstructured": "Almaiah, M.A.; Hajjej, F.; Ali, A.; Pasha, M.F.; Almomani, O. An AI-Enabled Hybrid Lightweight Authentication Model for Digital Healthcare Using Industrial Internet of Things Cyber-Physical Systems. Sensors 2022, 22, 1448. [Google Scholar]"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref7",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.compind.2022.103801",
            "unstructured": "Yazdinejad, A.; Dehghantanha, A.; Parizi, R.M.; Srivastava, G.; Karimipour, H. Secure Intelligent Fuzzy Blockchain Framework: Effective Threat Detection in IoT Networks. Comput. Ind. 2023, 144, 103801"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref8",
            "unstructured": "Hameed, K.; Ali, A.; Naqvi, M.H.; Jabbar, M.; Junaid, M.; Haider, A. Resource management in operating systems-a survey of scheduling algorithms. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Innovative Computing (ICIC), Lanzhou, China, 2–5 August 2016; Volume 1. [Google Scholar]"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref9",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.ins.2023.01.148",
            "unstructured": "Singh, H.; Ahmed, Z.; Khare, M.D.; Bhuvana, J. An IoT and Blockchain-Based Secure Medical Figure 5: Checking the certificate verification with test template as input and displaying the validation is successfully verified with student enrolment. K. Obulesh, R. Laxmi Prasana, S. Lakshmi Supraja, Sameena Begum: A Fernet Based Lightweight Cryptography Adopted Enhancing Certificate Validation through Blockchain Technology Fuente, J.; Trivedi, M.C. EHDHE: Enhancing security of healthcare documents in IoT-enabled digital healthcare ecosystems using blockchain. Inf. Sci. 2023, 629, 703–718. [Google Scholar]"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref10",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.iot.2023.100844",
            "unstructured": "Almadani, M.S.; Alotaibi, S.; Alsobhi, H.; Hussain, O.K.; Hussain, F.K. Blockchainbased multi-factor authentication: A systematic literature review. Internet Things 2023, 23, 100844. Care Framework Using Deep Learning and Nature-Inspired Algorithms. Int. J. Intell. Syst. Appl. Eng. 2023, 11, 183–191. [Google Scholar]"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref11",
            "doi": "10.1109/access.2019.2940052",
            "unstructured": "Kim, H.; Kim, S.-H.; Hwang, J.Y.; Seo, C. Efficient Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning for Blockchain Network. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 136481–136495. [Google Scholar]"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref12",
            "unstructured": "Sharma, P.; Namasudra, S.; Crespo, R.G.; Parra-"
        }
    ],
    "record": {
        "registrant": "Longman Publishers",
        "registered": "2024-02-16",
        "updated": "2026-09-17",
        "issue_number": 1,
        "source": "crossref-api",
        "source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
    }
}

The Kernel Metadata Declaration

DOIMetadataKernel.xsd · namespace http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema · Attribute Value Sets 2.3 · draft — the agency's DOI name is filled in on accreditation

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- DRAFT declaration: Smart Scholars is not yet a DOI Registration Agency. registrationAgencyDoiName is a marker (10.0/ is no RA's prefix) and is filled in on accreditation. -->
<kernelMetadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema https://www.doi.org/doi_schemas/DOIMetadataKernel.xsd" xmlns="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema">
  <referentDoiName>10.46243/jst.2024.v9.i1.pp21-29</referentDoiName>
  <primaryReferentType>Creation</primaryReferentType>
  <registrationAgencyDoiName>10.0/smart-scholars-draft</registrationAgencyDoiName>
  <issueDate>2026-10-04</issueDate>
  <issueNumber>1</issueNumber>
  <referentCreation>
    <name primaryLanguage="en">
      <value>A Fernet Based Lightweight Cryptography Adopted Enhancing Certificate Validation through Blockchain Technology</value>
      <type>PrincipalTitle</type>
    </name>
    <identifier>
      <nonUriValue>10.46243/jst.2024.v9.i1.pp21-29</nonUriValue>
      <uri returnType="text/html" doesContentNegotiation="true">https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2024.v9.i1.pp21-29</uri>
      <type>DOI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri returnType="text/html">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/14</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri>https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/14/7</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri returnType="application/xml">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/14/1406</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri>https://www.jst.org.in/admin/uploads/D14.%20A%20Blockchain%20based%20Secure%20and%20Efficient%20Validation%20System%20for%20Digital%20Certificates%20doc.pdf</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <structuralType>Digital</structuralType>
    <mode>Visual</mode>
    <character>Language</character>
    <type>JournalArticle</type>
    <principalAgent>
      <name>
        <value>K. Obulesh K. Obulesh</value>
        <type>PrincipalName</type>
      </name>
      <role>Author</role>
    </principalAgent>
    <principalAgent>
      <name>
        <value>Longman Publishers</value>
        <type>PrincipalName</type>
      </name>
      <role>Publisher</role>
    </principalAgent>
    <linkedCreation>
      <name>
        <value>Journal of Science &amp; Technology</value>
        <type>PrincipalTitle</type>
      </name>
      <identifier>
        <nonUriValue>2456-5660</nonUriValue>
        <type>ISSN</type>
      </identifier>
      <referentCreationRole>Part</referentCreationRole>
      <referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
        <value>9</value>
        <type>VolumeNumber</type>
      </referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
      <referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
        <value>1</value>
        <type>IssueNumber</type>
      </referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
      <referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
        <value>21-29</value>
        <type>PageNumber</type>
      </referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
    </linkedCreation>
    <language>en</language>
    <languageOfReferentContent>
      <language>en</language>
      <languageOfReferentContentType>Original</languageOfReferentContentType>
    </languageOfReferentContent>
    <creationDate>
      <date>2024-01-25</date>
      <creationDateType>PublicationDate</creationDateType>
    </creationDate>
  </referentCreation>
</kernelMetadata>
Everything Smart Scholars runsNine sites, one account. A journal starts at the audit; an author starts at Scholar Shield.

For journals & publishers

Start with the audit — it is free, and it is the gate to everything else.

DOI care

Nine services on one journal profile — each previews first and acts only on your approval.

For authors & researchers

Free to use. Nothing you check is shared with the journal.

For institutions, sponsors & DOI operators

Smart Scholars

Mon–Sat, 10:00–19:00 IST. The Ask AI button on every page answers about our services at any hour.

News

Policies

What we can register a DOI for

20 kinds of record, one account, one place. Every one gets a DOI that resolves, metadata that indexes read, and a record that stays correct afterwards.
Journals
  • Journal articles
  • Journal titles
  • Pending publications
  • Peer reviews
  • Preprints & posted content
Books & conferences
  • Books
  • Book chapters
  • Book series
  • Book sets
  • Conference proceedings
  • Proceedings series
  • Conference papers
Other research output
  • Theses & dissertations
  • Reports & working papers
  • Report series
  • Standards
  • Databases
  • Datasets
  • Figures, tables & supplements
Funding
  • Grants & funding awards

Elsewhere

The same company, in the places our publishers already read.
Smart Scholars · Every service on one pageData from OpenAlex (openalex.org), CC0 · Crossref · ISSN Portal · DOAJContact
WhatsApp