Kernel Metadata Declaration — on demand
ISO 26324 asks a DOI Registration Agency to produce a Kernel Metadata Declaration for every DOI it issues. Give any DOI: its public record becomes a record in the Smart Scholars DOI Metadata Format 1.0, checked against every rule, and declared as the Kernel XML.
✓ Meets every rule of the format
The record below is complete and every controlled value is a DOI Attribute Value Set 2.3 spelling. The Declaration on the right follows DOIMetadataKernel.xsd element by element.
What the DOI identifies
Forensic Identification of the source of the morphed image: A case study on serious female disgrace
10.46243/jst.2023v8.i10.pp27-31 · JournalArticle — an article in a journal · Digital · Visual · Language · en
Published 2023
Part of Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 08 · no. 10 · pp. 27–31
Principal agents
- Tilak Raj (author → Author)
- Dr. Manish Malhotra (author → Author)
- Rajat Choudhary (author → Author)
- Longman Publishers (publisher → Publisher)
Also in the record, outside the Kernel: the abstract, the licence, 4 links, 7 references. Source: Crossref (member 25296), registered 2024-02-16, last deposited 2026-09-21.
System metadata — ISO 26324:2025, Annex B · DOI Handbook 10.1
Each element by the standard's name and the Handbook's (in grey), read off the record.
| DOI Name DOI name | 10.46243/jst.2023v8.i10.pp27-31 |
| Referent Type referentType | Creation |
| Referent Sub-Type referentSubType | JournalArticle — an article in a journal |
| Referent Name(s) referentName(s) | Forensic Identification of the source of the morphed image: A case study on serious female disgrace (PrincipalTitle, en) |
| Basic Metadata basicMetadata | author: Tilak Raj author: Dr. Manish Malhotra author: Rajat Choudhary publisher: Longman Publishers published: 2023 part of: Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 08 · no. 10 · pp. 27–31 language: en form: Digital · Visual · Language |
| Referent Identifier(s) alternateIdentifier(s) | none besides the DOI |
| Registration Authority registrationAuthorityCode | Crossref — issued by Crossref (member 25296); held here as a copy |
| Created Date issueDate | 2024-02-16 |
| relatedIdentifiers | none needed — the descriptive metadata is in this record |
The record
{
"format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0",
"doi": "10.46243/jst.2023v8.i10.pp27-31",
"referent": "Creation",
"type": "JournalArticle",
"structural_type": "Digital",
"modes": [
"Visual"
],
"characters": [
"Language"
],
"titles": [
{
"value": "Forensic Identification of the source of the morphed image: A case study on serious female disgrace",
"type": "PrincipalTitle",
"lang": "en"
}
],
"identifiers": [
{
"type": "DOI",
"value": "10.46243/jst.2023v8.i10.pp27-31"
}
],
"agents": [
{
"role": "author",
"name": {
"given": "",
"family": "Tilak Raj"
},
"sequence": "first"
},
{
"role": "author",
"name": {
"given": "",
"family": "Dr. Manish Malhotra"
},
"sequence": "additional"
},
{
"role": "author",
"name": {
"given": "",
"family": "Rajat Choudhary"
},
"sequence": "additional"
},
{
"role": "publisher",
"name": {
"org": "Longman Publishers"
}
}
],
"dates": {
"published": "2023",
"date_type": "PublicationDate",
"online": "2023"
},
"language": "en",
"container": {
"type": "Journal",
"titles": [
{
"value": "Journal of Science & Technology",
"type": "PrincipalTitle"
}
],
"identifiers": [
{
"type": "ISSN",
"value": "2456-5660",
"medium": "electronic"
}
],
"volume": "08",
"issue": "10",
"pages": {
"first": "27",
"last": "31"
}
},
"links": [
{
"url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/336",
"return_type": "text/html",
"primary": true
},
{
"url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/336/298",
"purpose": "text-mining",
"return_type": "application/pdf"
},
{
"url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/336/2501",
"purpose": "text-mining",
"return_type": "application/xml"
},
{
"url": "https://jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/794/722",
"purpose": "similarity-checking"
}
],
"abstract": {
"value": "he paradigm of the nature and means of functioning of crimes involving female humiliation has evolved as a result of advancements in digital image processing tools and techniques. Using digital image acquisition and transposition technology, altered images are produced that are closer to perfection. By employing various image enhancement techniques on suspected parts of the digital image and doing a pixel-by-pixel analysis of the observations obtained there by an expert in processing images, you can detect editing or morphing anomalies. In this case study, the authors provided an in-depth review of a morphing image and obtained proof that the image was taken from a website. Following website exploration, the source image was located using morphological criteria. The source image that was transformed and recognized contained the same quantization for the horizontal and vertical resolution, measured in DPI (dots per inch), and bit depth.",
"lang": "en"
},
"license": {
"url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"start": "2023-01-01",
"applies_to": "vor"
},
"references": [
{
"key": "ref1",
"doi": "10.18844/cjes.v15i5.5167",
"unstructured": "Zakharova, V. A., Chernov, I. V., Nazarenko, T. I., Pavlov, P. V., Lyubchenko, V. S., & Kulikova, A. A. (2020). Social health and environmental behavior of students in the digital age. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 15(5), 1288- 1294"
},
{
"key": "ref2",
"doi": "10.14569/ijacsa.2019.0101224",
"unstructured": "AlShariah, N. M., Khader, A., & Saudagar, J. (2019). Detecting fake images on social media using machine learning. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 10(12), 170-176"
},
{
"key": "ref3",
"doi": "10.35940/ijrte.c3999.098319",
"unstructured": "Chandra Sekhar, P. N. R. L., & Shankar, T. N. (2019). Splicing localization based on noise level inconsistencies in residuals of color channel differences. IJRTE, 8(3), 764-769"
},
{
"key": "ref4",
"doi": "10.1109/wifs.2013.6707812",
"unstructured": "Stamm, M. C., Chu, X., & Liu, K. R. (2013, November). Forensically determining the order of signal processing operations. In 2013 IEEE International Workshop on Information Forensics and Security (WIFS) (pp. 162-167). IEEE"
},
{
"key": "ref5",
"doi": "10.3384/diss.diva-122588",
"unstructured": "Kronander, J. (2015). Physically Based Rendering of Synthetic Objects in Real Environments (Vol. 1717). Linköping University Electronic Press"
},
{
"key": "ref6",
"doi": "10.3390/jimaging9010018",
"unstructured": "Akhtar, Z. (2023). Deepfakes Generation and Detection: A Short Survey. Journal of Imaging, 9(1), 18"
},
{
"key": "ref7",
"doi": "10.3390/s19214726",
"unstructured": "Dong, B., Zeng, F., & Pan, B. (2019). A simple and practical single-camera stereo-digital image correlation using a color camera and X-cube prism. Sensors, 19(21), 4726"
}
],
"record": {
"registrant": "Longman Publishers",
"registered": "2024-02-16",
"updated": "2026-09-21",
"issue_number": 1,
"source": "crossref-api",
"source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
}
}The Kernel Metadata Declaration
DOIMetadataKernel.xsd · namespace http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema · Attribute Value Sets 2.3 · draft — the agency's DOI name is filled in on accreditation
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- DRAFT declaration: Smart Scholars is not yet a DOI Registration Agency. registrationAgencyDoiName is a marker (10.0/ is no RA's prefix) and is filled in on accreditation. -->
<kernelMetadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema https://www.doi.org/doi_schemas/DOIMetadataKernel.xsd" xmlns="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema">
<referentDoiName>10.46243/jst.2023v8.i10.pp27-31</referentDoiName>
<primaryReferentType>Creation</primaryReferentType>
<registrationAgencyDoiName>10.0/smart-scholars-draft</registrationAgencyDoiName>
<issueDate>2026-10-04</issueDate>
<issueNumber>1</issueNumber>
<referentCreation>
<name primaryLanguage="en">
<value>Forensic Identification of the source of the morphed image: A case study on serious female disgrace</value>
<type>PrincipalTitle</type>
</name>
<identifier>
<nonUriValue>10.46243/jst.2023v8.i10.pp27-31</nonUriValue>
<uri returnType="text/html" doesContentNegotiation="true">https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2023v8.i10.pp27-31</uri>
<type>DOI</type>
</identifier>
<identifier>
<uri returnType="text/html">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/336</uri>
<type>URI</type>
</identifier>
<identifier>
<uri>https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/336/298</uri>
<type>URI</type>
</identifier>
<identifier>
<uri returnType="application/xml">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/336/2501</uri>
<type>URI</type>
</identifier>
<identifier>
<uri>https://jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/794/722</uri>
<type>URI</type>
</identifier>
<structuralType>Digital</structuralType>
<mode>Visual</mode>
<character>Language</character>
<type>JournalArticle</type>
<principalAgent>
<name>
<value>Tilak Raj</value>
<type>PrincipalName</type>
</name>
<role>Author</role>
</principalAgent>
<principalAgent>
<name>
<value>Dr. Manish Malhotra</value>
<type>PrincipalName</type>
</name>
<role>Author</role>
</principalAgent>
<principalAgent>
<name>
<value>Rajat Choudhary</value>
<type>PrincipalName</type>
</name>
<role>Author</role>
</principalAgent>
<principalAgent>
<name>
<value>Longman Publishers</value>
<type>PrincipalName</type>
</name>
<role>Publisher</role>
</principalAgent>
<linkedCreation>
<name>
<value>Journal of Science & Technology</value>
<type>PrincipalTitle</type>
</name>
<identifier>
<nonUriValue>2456-5660</nonUriValue>
<type>ISSN</type>
</identifier>
<referentCreationRole>Part</referentCreationRole>
<referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<value>08</value>
<type>VolumeNumber</type>
</referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<value>10</value>
<type>IssueNumber</type>
</referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<value>27-31</value>
<type>PageNumber</type>
</referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
</linkedCreation>
<language>en</language>
<languageOfReferentContent>
<language>en</language>
<languageOfReferentContentType>Original</languageOfReferentContentType>
</languageOfReferentContent>
<creationDate>
<date>2023</date>
<creationDateType>PublicationDate</creationDateType>
</creationDate>
</referentCreation>
</kernelMetadata>
