Kernel Metadata Declaration — on demand
ISO 26324 asks a DOI Registration Agency to produce a Kernel Metadata Declaration for every DOI it issues. Give any DOI: its public record becomes a record in the Smart Scholars DOI Metadata Format 1.0, checked against every rule, and declared as the Kernel XML.
✓ Meets every rule of the format
The record below is complete and every controlled value is a DOI Attribute Value Set 2.3 spelling. The Declaration on the right follows DOIMetadataKernel.xsd element by element.
What the DOI identifies
FLOOD ESTIMATE USING GIS SPECIFIC TO FLOOD STUDIES FOR UPPER SARADA RIVER BASIN IN VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA
10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i02.pp172-194 · JournalArticle — an article in a journal · Digital · Visual · Language · en
Published 2022-07-03
Part of Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 7 · no. 2 · pp. 172–194
Principal agents
- B.V.Shiva Kumar B.V.Shiva Kumar (author → Author)
- Longman Publishers (publisher → Publisher)
Also in the record, outside the Kernel: the abstract, the licence, 4 links, 24 references. Source: Crossref (member 25296), registered 2024-02-16, last deposited 2026-09-17.
System metadata — ISO 26324:2025, Annex B · DOI Handbook 10.1
Each element by the standard's name and the Handbook's (in grey), read off the record.
| DOI Name DOI name | 10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i02.pp172-194 |
| Referent Type referentType | Creation |
| Referent Sub-Type referentSubType | JournalArticle — an article in a journal |
| Referent Name(s) referentName(s) | FLOOD ESTIMATE USING GIS SPECIFIC TO FLOOD STUDIES FOR UPPER SARADA RIVER BASIN IN VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA (PrincipalTitle, en) |
| Basic Metadata basicMetadata | author: B.V.Shiva Kumar B.V.Shiva Kumar publisher: Longman Publishers published: 2022-07-03 part of: Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 7 · no. 2 · pp. 172–194 language: en form: Digital · Visual · Language |
| Referent Identifier(s) alternateIdentifier(s) | none besides the DOI |
| Registration Authority registrationAuthorityCode | Crossref — issued by Crossref (member 25296); held here as a copy |
| Created Date issueDate | 2024-02-16 |
| relatedIdentifiers | none needed — the descriptive metadata is in this record |
The record
{
"format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0",
"doi": "10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i02.pp172-194",
"referent": "Creation",
"type": "JournalArticle",
"structural_type": "Digital",
"modes": [
"Visual"
],
"characters": [
"Language"
],
"titles": [
{
"value": "FLOOD ESTIMATE USING GIS SPECIFIC TO FLOOD STUDIES FOR UPPER SARADA RIVER BASIN IN VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA",
"type": "PrincipalTitle",
"lang": "en"
}
],
"identifiers": [
{
"type": "DOI",
"value": "10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i02.pp172-194"
}
],
"agents": [
{
"role": "author",
"name": {
"given": "B.V.Shiva Kumar",
"family": "B.V.Shiva Kumar"
},
"sequence": "first"
},
{
"role": "publisher",
"name": {
"org": "Longman Publishers"
}
}
],
"dates": {
"published": "2022-07-03",
"date_type": "PublicationDate",
"online": "2022-07-03"
},
"language": "en",
"container": {
"type": "Journal",
"titles": [
{
"value": "Journal of Science & Technology",
"type": "PrincipalTitle"
}
],
"identifiers": [
{
"type": "ISSN",
"value": "2456-5660",
"medium": "electronic"
}
],
"volume": "7",
"issue": "2",
"pages": {
"first": "172",
"last": "194"
}
},
"links": [
{
"url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/528",
"return_type": "text/html",
"primary": true
},
{
"url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/528/468",
"purpose": "text-mining",
"return_type": "application/pdf"
},
{
"url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/528/2219",
"purpose": "text-mining",
"return_type": "application/xml"
},
{
"url": "https://jst.org.in/admin/uploads/FLOOD-ESTIMATE-USING-GIS-SPECIFIC-TO-FLOOD-STUDIES-FOR-UPPER-SARADA-RIVER-BASIN-IN-VISAKHAPATNAM-DISTRICT-ANDHRA-PRADESH-INDIA.pdf",
"purpose": "similarity-checking"
}
],
"abstract": {
"value": "Geographical Information System (GIS) techniques have been effectively used for the study of drainages and estimation of runoff of a catchment. In this paper, the flood estimate of the Upper Sarada River Basin is analyzed using GIS techniques. The Upper Sarada River Basin is analyzed by building a Drainage Elevation Model and thereby extracting the drainage map. The runoff is estimated on this catchment by assuming unit net rainfall (1cm direct runoff) and taking appropriate assumptions. For this purpose, streams in a River Basin are assigned weights with respect to slope of the area and using the same, a travel time contour map represented by isochrones is developed from the equivalent distance map. The flow accumulation map of the drainages is also developed and then this is used to determine discharge at outlet of the catchment. The entire basin area is divided into eleven parts of equal interval of travel time and the yield caused in each part is determined. Further, this is used to determine the discharge at the end of eleven-time steps and the resulting unit hydrograph (UH) is plotted. UH is prepared for the daily average run-off values. An S-hydrograph is also plotted to obtain a UH of selected time duration for the use in flood estimate due to a storm. This hydrograph is validated by taking different selected storm events from the year 1990 to 2019, recorded by Central Water Commission (CWC), Anakapalle station. Eight storm events are observed and these are validated using Thiessen polygon method",
"lang": "en"
},
"license": {
"url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"start": "2022-07-03",
"applies_to": "vor"
},
"references": [
{
"key": "ref1",
"doi": "10.1127/0372-8854/2012/0067",
"unstructured": "Agarwal, K. K., Prakash, C., Ali, S. N., and Jahan, N. 2012. Morphometric analysis of the Ladhiya and Lohawati river basins, Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, India. Zeitschrift Fur Geomorphologie, 56(2), 201–224. https://doi.org/10.1127/0372-8854/2012/0067"
},
{
"key": "ref2",
"doi": "10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.02.028",
"unstructured": "Aher, P D; Adinarayana, J; Gorantiwar, S. 2014. Quantification of morphometric characterisation and prioritisation for management in semi-arid tropics of India: a remote sensing and GIS approach. Jour. Hydrol. 511, 850-860.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.02.028"
},
{
"key": "ref3",
"unstructured": "Albishi, M., Bahrawi, J; Elfeki, A. 2016. 7 th International Conference on Water Resources and Arid Environments. (ICWRAE7). 621-628"
},
{
"key": "ref4",
"doi": "10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb05961.x",
"unstructured": "Arnold, J.G; Srinivasan, R; Muttiah, R.S; Williams, J.R. 1998. Large area hydrologic modelling and assessment-Part 1: Model development. J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. 34 (1). 73-89.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1998.tb05961.x"
},
{
"key": "ref5",
"doi": "10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i02.pp30-35",
"unstructured": "Berihun, M. L., Tsunekawa, A., Haregeweyn, N., Meshesha, D. T., Adgo, E., Tsubo, M., Masunaga, T., Fenta, A. A., Sultan, D., Yibeltal, M., and Ebabu, K. 2019.Hydrological responses to land use/land cover change and climate variability in contrasting agro-ecological environments of the Upper Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia. Science of the total environment, 689,347-365. www.jst.org.in DOI: https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i02.pp30-35"
},
{
"key": "ref6",
"unstructured": "Debala Devi, C., and Usha Anandhi, D. 2009. Assessment of Water Quality for Aquaculture-A Case Study of Madhavara Lake in Bangalore. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology An International Quarterly Scientific Journal. 8 (4) 755-760"
},
{
"key": "ref7",
"doi": "10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2019.02.025",
"unstructured": "Desta, Y., Goitom, H., and Aregay, G. 2019. Investigation of runoff response to land use/land cover change on the case of Aynalem catchment, North of Ethiopia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 153(March), 130–143"
},
{
"key": "ref8",
"doi": "10.4236/ojmh.2013.33016",
"unstructured": "Elmoustafa, A. M., and Mohamed, M. M. 2013. Flash Flood Risk Assessment Using Morphological Parameters in Sinai Peninsula. Open Journal of Modern Hydrology, 03(03), 122–129"
},
{
"key": "ref9",
"unstructured": "Gebremeskel, S., Liu, Y. B., and De Smedt, F. 2002. GIS based distributed modeling for flood estimation.Nature Environment and Pollution Technology An International Quarterly Scientific Journal. April, 1–4,2002"
},
{
"key": "ref10",
"doi": "10.4172/2329-6755.1000146",
"unstructured": "Kinthada, N. R. 2014. Land Use/Land Cover and NDVI Analysis for Monitoring the Health of Micro-watersheds of Sarada River Basin, Visakhapatnam District, India. Journal of Geology & Geosciences, 03(02), 146"
},
{
"key": "ref11",
"doi": "10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.07.002",
"unstructured": "Lau, C. L., Smythe, L. D., Craig, S. B., and Weinstein, P. 2010. Climate change, flooding, urbanisation and leptospirosis: fuelling the fire? Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 104(10), 631–638"
},
{
"key": "ref12",
"doi": "10.1080/10106040608542370",
"unstructured": "Maathuis, B. H. P., and Wang, L. 2006. Digital elevation model based hydro-processing. In Geocarto International (Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 21–26). Geocarto International Centre"
},
{
"key": "ref13",
"doi": "10.1080/09715010.2010.10514992",
"unstructured": "Maddamsetty, R., Praveen, T. V., Rao, S. S., and Manjulavani, K. 2010. Tehri dam-breach versus monsoon flood routing in the ganga river system. ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 16(1), 109–131"
},
{
"key": "ref14",
"doi": "10.1002/hyp.3360050103",
"unstructured": "Moore, I. D., Grayson, R. B., and Ladson, A. R. 1991. Digital terrain modelling: A review of hydrological, geomorphological, and biological applications. Hydrological Processes, 5(1), 3–30"
},
{
"key": "ref15",
"doi": "10.1061/(asce)1084-0699(2007)12:6(639)",
"unstructured": "Noto, L. V., and La Loggia, G. 2007. Derivation of a Distributed Unit Hydrograph Integrating GIS and Remote Sensing. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 12(6), 639–650"
},
{
"key": "ref16",
"doi": "10.1007/s12524-010-0008-8",
"unstructured": "Patel, P. P., and Sarkar, A. 2010. Terrain characterization using SRTM data. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 38(1), 11–24"
},
{
"key": "ref17",
"unstructured": "Sherman, L. K. 1932. Stream flow from rainfall by the unit-graph method. Engineering News Record. 108. 501–505"
},
{
"key": "ref18",
"doi": "10.1016/j.ejrs.2014.09.003",
"unstructured": "Singh, P., Gupta, A., and Singh, M. 2014. Hydrological inferences from watershed analysis for water resource management using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science, 17(2), 111–12"
},
{
"key": "ref19",
"doi": "10.1007/s12665-012-2172-3",
"unstructured": "Sreedevi, P. D., Sreekanth, P. D., Khan, H. H., and Ahmed, S. 2013. Drainage morphometry and its influence on hydrology in an semi arid region: Using SRTM data and GIS. Environmental Earth Sciences, 70(2), 839–848"
},
{
"key": "ref20",
"doi": "10.1029/tr019i001p00447",
"unstructured": "Snyder, F. F. 1938. Synthetic Unit Graphs. Trans. Amer. Geophy. Union. 19. 447-454"
},
{
"key": "ref21",
"unstructured": "Strahler, A. N. 1957.Quantitative geomorphology of drainage basin and channel networks. Handbook of Hydrology. (Ed) VenTe Chow. McGraw Hill, Section 4-11"
},
{
"key": "ref22",
"doi": "10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1988)114:1(21)",
"unstructured": "Vijay P. Singh. 1988. Singh, V. P., and Scarlatos, P. D. 1988. Analysis of gradual earth-dam failure. Journal of hydraulic engineering, 114(1), 21-42. 114(1), 21–42"
},
{
"key": "ref23",
"doi": "10.4236/jwarp.2011.36047",
"unstructured": "Xiong, Y. 2011. A Dam Break Analysis Using HEC-RAS. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 03(06), 370–379"
},
{
"key": "ref24",
"doi": "10.1155/2014/146829",
"unstructured": "Zhu, C. and Hao, W.2014.Hydrodynamics and Contaminant Transportation Development in Vegetated Open Channel. Nature, Environment and Pollution Technology, An International Quarterly Scientific Journal.13, 119-124"
}
],
"record": {
"registrant": "Longman Publishers",
"registered": "2024-02-16",
"updated": "2026-09-17",
"issue_number": 1,
"source": "crossref-api",
"source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
}
}The Kernel Metadata Declaration
DOIMetadataKernel.xsd · namespace http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema · Attribute Value Sets 2.3 · draft — the agency's DOI name is filled in on accreditation
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- DRAFT declaration: Smart Scholars is not yet a DOI Registration Agency. registrationAgencyDoiName is a marker (10.0/ is no RA's prefix) and is filled in on accreditation. -->
<kernelMetadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema https://www.doi.org/doi_schemas/DOIMetadataKernel.xsd" xmlns="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema">
<referentDoiName>10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i02.pp172-194</referentDoiName>
<primaryReferentType>Creation</primaryReferentType>
<registrationAgencyDoiName>10.0/smart-scholars-draft</registrationAgencyDoiName>
<issueDate>2026-10-04</issueDate>
<issueNumber>1</issueNumber>
<referentCreation>
<name primaryLanguage="en">
<value>FLOOD ESTIMATE USING GIS SPECIFIC TO FLOOD STUDIES FOR UPPER SARADA RIVER BASIN IN VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA</value>
<type>PrincipalTitle</type>
</name>
<identifier>
<nonUriValue>10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i02.pp172-194</nonUriValue>
<uri returnType="text/html" doesContentNegotiation="true">https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i02.pp172-194</uri>
<type>DOI</type>
</identifier>
<identifier>
<uri returnType="text/html">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/528</uri>
<type>URI</type>
</identifier>
<identifier>
<uri>https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/528/468</uri>
<type>URI</type>
</identifier>
<identifier>
<uri returnType="application/xml">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/528/2219</uri>
<type>URI</type>
</identifier>
<identifier>
<uri>https://jst.org.in/admin/uploads/FLOOD-ESTIMATE-USING-GIS-SPECIFIC-TO-FLOOD-STUDIES-FOR-UPPER-SARADA-RIVER-BASIN-IN-VISAKHAPATNAM-DISTRICT-ANDHRA-PRADESH-INDIA.pdf</uri>
<type>URI</type>
</identifier>
<structuralType>Digital</structuralType>
<mode>Visual</mode>
<character>Language</character>
<type>JournalArticle</type>
<principalAgent>
<name>
<value>B.V.Shiva Kumar B.V.Shiva Kumar</value>
<type>PrincipalName</type>
</name>
<role>Author</role>
</principalAgent>
<principalAgent>
<name>
<value>Longman Publishers</value>
<type>PrincipalName</type>
</name>
<role>Publisher</role>
</principalAgent>
<linkedCreation>
<name>
<value>Journal of Science & Technology</value>
<type>PrincipalTitle</type>
</name>
<identifier>
<nonUriValue>2456-5660</nonUriValue>
<type>ISSN</type>
</identifier>
<referentCreationRole>Part</referentCreationRole>
<referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<value>7</value>
<type>VolumeNumber</type>
</referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<value>2</value>
<type>IssueNumber</type>
</referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
<value>172-194</value>
<type>PageNumber</type>
</referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
</linkedCreation>
<language>en</language>
<languageOfReferentContent>
<language>en</language>
<languageOfReferentContentType>Original</languageOfReferentContentType>
</languageOfReferentContent>
<creationDate>
<date>2022-07-03</date>
<creationDateType>PublicationDate</creationDateType>
</creationDate>
</referentCreation>
</kernelMetadata>
