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Kernel Metadata Declaration — on demand

ISO 26324 asks a DOI Registration Agency to produce a Kernel Metadata Declaration for every DOI it issues. Give any DOI: its public record becomes a record in the Smart Scholars DOI Metadata Format 1.0, checked against every rule, and declared as the Kernel XML.

Reads the DOI's public Crossref record; nothing is stored. Until Smart Scholars is accredited, every Declaration is marked as a draft in the XML itself.

✓ Meets every rule of the format

The record below is complete and every controlled value is a DOI Attribute Value Set 2.3 spelling. The Declaration on the right follows DOIMetadataKernel.xsd element by element.

What the DOI identifies

Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Their Adsorption Study

10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i4.pp69-83 · JournalArticle — an article in a journal · Digital · Visual · Language · en

Published 2021-07-21

Part of Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 06 · no. 04 · pp. 69–83

Principal agents

  • Bahga Saleh (author → Author)
  • Mazhar Farooqui (author → Author)
  • Shaikh Yusuf (author → Author)
  • Longman Publishers (publisher → Publisher)

Also in the record, outside the Kernel: the abstract, the licence, 4 links, 43 references. Source: Crossref (member 25296), registered 2026-09-08, last deposited 2026-09-20.

⬇ Record (JSON) ⬇ Declaration (XML)

System metadata — ISO 26324:2025, Annex B · DOI Handbook 10.1

Each element by the standard's name and the Handbook's (in grey), read off the record.

DOI Name
DOI name
10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i4.pp69-83
Referent Type
referentType
Creation
Referent Sub-Type
referentSubType
JournalArticle — an article in a journal
Referent Name(s)
referentName(s)
Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Their Adsorption Study (PrincipalTitle, en)
Basic Metadata
basicMetadata
author: Bahga Saleh
author: Mazhar Farooqui
author: Shaikh Yusuf
publisher: Longman Publishers
published: 2021-07-21
part of: Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 06 · no. 04 · pp. 69–83
language: en
form: Digital · Visual · Language
Referent Identifier(s)
alternateIdentifier(s)
none besides the DOI
Registration Authority
registrationAuthorityCode
Crossref — issued by Crossref (member 25296); held here as a copy
Created Date
issueDate
2026-09-08
relatedIdentifiersnone needed — the descriptive metadata is in this record

The record

{
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    "doi": "10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i4.pp69-83",
    "referent": "Creation",
    "type": "JournalArticle",
    "structural_type": "Digital",
    "modes": [
        "Visual"
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    "characters": [
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    "titles": [
        {
            "value": "Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Their Adsorption Study",
            "type": "PrincipalTitle",
            "lang": "en"
        }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
        {
            "type": "DOI",
            "value": "10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i4.pp69-83"
        }
    ],
    "agents": [
        {
            "role": "author",
            "name": {
                "given": "",
                "family": "Bahga Saleh"
            },
            "sequence": "first"
        },
        {
            "role": "author",
            "name": {
                "given": "Mazhar",
                "family": "Farooqui"
            },
            "sequence": "additional"
        },
        {
            "role": "author",
            "name": {
                "given": "",
                "family": "Shaikh Yusuf"
            },
            "sequence": "additional"
        },
        {
            "role": "publisher",
            "name": {
                "org": "Longman Publishers"
            }
        }
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    "dates": {
        "published": "2021-07-21",
        "date_type": "PublicationDate",
        "online": "2021-07-21"
    },
    "language": "en",
    "container": {
        "type": "Journal",
        "titles": [
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                "value": "Journal of Science & Technology",
                "type": "PrincipalTitle"
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        "identifiers": [
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                "type": "ISSN",
                "value": "2456-5660",
                "medium": "electronic"
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        "volume": "06",
        "issue": "04",
        "pages": {
            "first": "69",
            "last": "83"
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    "links": [
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            "return_type": "text/html",
            "primary": true
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        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/449/398",
            "purpose": "text-mining",
            "return_type": "application/pdf"
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        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/449/2393",
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        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/449/398",
            "purpose": "similarity-checking"
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    "abstract": {
        "value": "Nanoparticles are novel material because of their small size properties which is differ from its bulk material.This work aimed to study cobalt nanoparticles (Co-NPs) preparation using five different sol gel methods in order to evaluate the effect of synthesis variables that can influence the nanoparticles size distribution and particle shape. The synthesised nanoparticles were characterised by FTIR, SEM-EDX, and XRD. Out of these method five is more suitable and gives more accurate and appropriate results. The investigation process is carried out an adsorption study of all five NPs by different parameters such as effect of concentration of adsorbent, effect of concentration of dye, affect of pH, effect of contact time etc. were studied the adsorption capacity and adsorption behaviour of nanoparticals under various conditions. The experimental isotherm data has been studied. The kinetic study of the adsorption obeys Pseudo-first order model. The thermodynamic parameters namely Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy have revealed that the adsorption of methyl orange on the nanoparticlas is feasible, spontaneous and exothermic",
        "lang": "en"
    },
    "license": {
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "start": "2021-07-21",
        "applies_to": "vor"
    },
    "references": [
        {
            "key": "ref1",
            "doi": "10.7598/cst2013.10",
            "unstructured": "Manigandan R, Giribabu K, Suresh R, Vijayalakshmi L, Stephen A and Narayanan V.( 2013). Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles: Characterization and its Electrocatalytic Activity towards Nitrobenzene. J. of Chem Sci Trans, 2(1), 47-50"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref2",
            "unstructured": "Jagtap S, Tale A, Thakre S.(2017). Synthesis By Sol Gel Method And Characterization Of Co3O4 Nanoparticles. J. of R in Eng and Appl Sci (IJREAS), 7 ( 8), 1-6"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref3",
            "doi": "10.1007/s11051-008-9365-4",
            "unstructured": "Igor Luisetto AE Franco Pepe AE Edoardo Bemporad.(2008). Preparation and characterization of nano cobalt oxide. J.of Nanopart Res,10, 59–67"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref4",
            "unstructured": "Wadekar K, Nemade K and Waghuley A.(2017). Chemical synthesis of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanoparticles using Co precipitation method. R J of Chem sci,7(1), 53-55"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref5",
            "doi": "10.11648/j.am.20140305.14",
            "unstructured": "Ulrika L, Mikael O, Annika P.(2014). Synthesis and characterization of cobalt oxide and composite thin films. Adv in Mater, 3(5), 52-57"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref6",
            "doi": "10.1007/s11051-013-1543-3",
            "unstructured": "Subrata K, Jayachandran M.(2013). Shape-selective synthesis of non-micellar cobalt oxide (CoO) nanomaterials by microwave irradiations. J Nanopart Res,15(1543), 2-13"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref7",
            "unstructured": "Ana O, America V, Roberto S and Roberto E. (2009).Hydrothermal Synthesis of Co3O4 Nanooctahedra and Their Magnetic Properties. Rev.Adv.Mater.Sci, 22, 60-66"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref8",
            "doi": "10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2017-0521",
            "unstructured": "Michele K, Carlos S, Querem H, Rodrigo F, Raimundo R, Edgardo f, Leandro A.(2018). Pseudocapacitance Properties of Co3O4 Nanoparticles Synthesized Using a Modified Sol-Gel Method. Mater R, 0521,1980-5373"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref9",
            "unstructured": "Vikas P, Pradeep J, Manik C, Shashwati S. (2012).Synthesis and Characterization of Co3O4 Thin Film. Soft Nanoscience Letters, 2, 1-7"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref10",
            "doi": "10.1002/cvde.200606517",
            "unstructured": "Naoufal B, Peter A, Janine F, and Katharina K.(2007). Preparation of Doped Spinel Cobalt Oxide Thin Films and Evaluation of their Thermal Stability. Chem. Vap. Deposition, 13, 118–122"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref11",
            "doi": "10.1155/2013/823040",
            "unstructured": "Sinduja C, Kalpanadevi K, Manimekalai R.(2013). Characterization of Nanostructured Cobalt Oxide Particles Synthesized By Thermal Treatment.Global R analysis, 2(7),11-13"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref12",
            "doi": "10.14429/dsj.60.574",
            "unstructured": "Anjali A, Megha M, Hema S and Navinkiran K. (2010), Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles/Fibres in Alcoholic Medium using gray Technique. Def Sci J, 60(5), 507-513"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref13",
            "unstructured": "Manimekalai R, Thrivikraman K and Sinduja C. (2012). Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nano Particles from Hydrazine Metal Carboxylate Complexes. I J of Chem and Appli,4(2), 97-102"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref14",
            "unstructured": "Sharifi S, Shakur H, Mirzaei A, Salmani A, Hosseini M. (2013). Characterization of Cobalt Oxide Co3O4 Nanoparticles Prepared by Various Methods: Effect of Calcination Temperatures on Size, Dimension and Catalytic Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide. Int. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol, 9(1), 51-58"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref15",
            "doi": "10.1080/17458080.2012.662723",
            "unstructured": "Andre Z, Renata R, Jose B, Daniela Z and Pedro A. (2014). Cobalt nanoparticles prepared by three different methods. J of Exp Nanoscience, 9(4), 398- 405"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref16",
            "doi": "10.1002/cvde.201006891",
            "unstructured": "Madeleine D, Ola N, Helmer F.(2011). Thin Films of Cobalt Oxide Deposited on High Aspect Ratio Supports by Atomic Layer Deposition. Chem. Vap. Deposition, 17, 135–140"
        },
        {
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            "doi": "10.1016/j.materresbull.2007.08.033",
            "unstructured": "Ramdas B, Amit C, Kulkarni B, Gopukumar S, Sivashanmugam A.(2008). Preparation and electrochemical characterization of lithium cobalt oxide nanoparticles by modified sol–gel method. Mater R Bull, 43, 2497–2503"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref18",
            "doi": "10.1155/2010/104012",
            "unstructured": "Sina S and Sirous A.(2010). Characterization of LiCo Nanopowders Produced by Sol-Gel Processing. J of Nanomaterials, ID 104012, 1- 8"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref19",
            "doi": "10.3844/ajeassp.2016.12.16",
            "unstructured": "Gomaa A, Osama A and Salah A. (2016). Electrical Properties of Cobalt Oxide/Silica Nanocomposites Obtained by Sol-Gel Technique. Ameri J of Eng and Appl Sci, 9(1), 12-16"
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            "key": "ref20",
            "unstructured": "Ameeth B, Nagalakshmi R.(2016). Shanthi. Removal of congo red and magenta dyes from industrial waste water by thorn apple leaf powder. Int. J. Chem. Sci,14(1), 57-64"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref21",
            "doi": "10.14233/ajchem.2016.19725",
            "unstructured": "Radwan N, Hagar M, Chaieb K.(2016). Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye on Modified Bentonites. Asian J of Chem, 28(8), 1643-1647. : 2223-9944"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref22",
            "unstructured": "Rajamani M and Xavier A.(2018). Adsorption of reactive magenta and methyl red from aqueous solution using. I J of Current R, 10(8), 72565-72574"
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            "key": "ref23",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.04.021",
            "unstructured": "Deepak P, Shikha S, Pardeep S.(2017). Removal of methylene blue by adsorption onto activated carbon developed from Ficus carica bast. Arabian J of Chem, 10, 1445–1451"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref24",
            "unstructured": "Nirmala S, Pasupathy A, Raja M.(2016). Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption Using Low Cost Adsorbent Andrographis PaniculataLeaves. I Jof Sci and R Publications, 6( 9), 689-693"
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            "unstructured": "Kavithayeni V, Geetha K, Akash S.(2019). A Review on Dye Reduction Mechanism using Nano Adsorbents in Waste Water. I J of Recent Tech and Eng (IJRTE), 7(6S2), 332-339"
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            "doi": "10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.12.012",
            "unstructured": "Roxana I, Marcela S, Cornelia P, Cosmin L.(2019). Single and simultaneous adsorption of methyl orange and phenol onto magnetic iron oxide/carbon nanocomposites. Arabian J of Chem, 12, 3704–3722"
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            "unstructured": "Conrad K, Nnaemeka J, Enenebeaku E, Ikechukwu C.(2017). Adsorption and Equilibrium Studies on the Removal of Methyl Red From Aqueous Solution Using White Potato Peel Powder. I Letters of Chem, Phy and Astro, 72, 52-64"
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            "doi": "10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.07.067",
            "unstructured": "Chandrappa K, Venkatesha T.(2012). Generation of Co3O4 microparticles by solution combustion method and its Zn-Co3O4 composite thin films for corrosion protection. J of Alloys and Compounds, 542, 68-77"
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        {
            "key": "ref40",
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        {
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        },
        {
            "key": "ref42",
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        },
        {
            "key": "ref43",
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        }
    ],
    "record": {
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        "registered": "2026-09-08",
        "updated": "2026-09-20",
        "issue_number": 1,
        "source": "crossref-api",
        "source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
    }
}

The Kernel Metadata Declaration

DOIMetadataKernel.xsd · namespace http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema · Attribute Value Sets 2.3 · draft — the agency's DOI name is filled in on accreditation

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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