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Kernel Metadata Declaration — on demand

ISO 26324 asks a DOI Registration Agency to produce a Kernel Metadata Declaration for every DOI it issues. Give any DOI: its public record becomes a record in the Smart Scholars DOI Metadata Format 1.0, checked against every rule, and declared as the Kernel XML.

Reads the DOI's public Crossref record; nothing is stored. Until Smart Scholars is accredited, every Declaration is marked as a draft in the XML itself.

✓ Meets every rule of the format

The record below is complete and every controlled value is a DOI Attribute Value Set 2.3 spelling. The Declaration on the right follows DOIMetadataKernel.xsd element by element.

What the DOI identifies

A Review of Cross Organizational Healthcare Data Sharing

10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i04.pp274-282 · JournalArticle — an article in a journal · Digital · Visual · Language · en

Published 2021

Part of Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 06 · no. 04 · pp. 274–282

Principal agents

  • M Shailaja (author → Author)
  • Y.Laxmi Prasanna (author → Author)
  • M.Rambabu (author → Author)
  • Longman Publishers (publisher → Publisher)

Also in the record, outside the Kernel: the abstract, the licence, 4 links, 25 references. Source: Crossref (member 25296), registered 2026-09-23, last deposited 2026-09-27.

⬇ Record (JSON) ⬇ Declaration (XML)

System metadata — ISO 26324:2025, Annex B · DOI Handbook 10.1

Each element by the standard's name and the Handbook's (in grey), read off the record.

DOI Name
DOI name
10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i04.pp274-282
Referent Type
referentType
Creation
Referent Sub-Type
referentSubType
JournalArticle — an article in a journal
Referent Name(s)
referentName(s)
A Review of Cross Organizational Healthcare Data Sharing (PrincipalTitle, en)
Basic Metadata
basicMetadata
author: M Shailaja
author: Y.Laxmi Prasanna
author: M.Rambabu
publisher: Longman Publishers
published: 2021
part of: Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 06 · no. 04 · pp. 274–282
language: en
form: Digital · Visual · Language
Referent Identifier(s)
alternateIdentifier(s)
none besides the DOI
Registration Authority
registrationAuthorityCode
Crossref — issued by Crossref (member 25296); held here as a copy
Created Date
issueDate
2026-09-23
relatedIdentifiersnone needed — the descriptive metadata is in this record

The record

{
    "format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0",
    "doi": "10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i04.pp274-282",
    "referent": "Creation",
    "type": "JournalArticle",
    "structural_type": "Digital",
    "modes": [
        "Visual"
    ],
    "characters": [
        "Language"
    ],
    "titles": [
        {
            "value": "A Review of Cross Organizational Healthcare Data Sharing",
            "type": "PrincipalTitle",
            "lang": "en"
        }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
        {
            "type": "DOI",
            "value": "10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i04.pp274-282"
        }
    ],
    "agents": [
        {
            "role": "author",
            "name": {
                "given": "",
                "family": "M Shailaja"
            },
            "sequence": "first"
        },
        {
            "role": "author",
            "name": {
                "given": "Y.Laxmi",
                "family": "Prasanna"
            },
            "sequence": "additional"
        },
        {
            "role": "author",
            "name": {
                "given": "",
                "family": "M.Rambabu"
            },
            "sequence": "additional"
        },
        {
            "role": "publisher",
            "name": {
                "org": "Longman Publishers"
            }
        }
    ],
    "dates": {
        "published": "2021",
        "date_type": "PublicationDate",
        "online": "2021"
    },
    "language": "en",
    "container": {
        "type": "Journal",
        "titles": [
            {
                "value": "Journal of Science & Technology",
                "type": "PrincipalTitle"
            }
        ],
        "identifiers": [
            {
                "type": "ISSN",
                "value": "2456-5660",
                "medium": "electronic"
            }
        ],
        "volume": "06",
        "issue": "04",
        "pages": {
            "first": "274",
            "last": "282"
        }
    },
    "links": [
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/645",
            "return_type": "text/html",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/645/576",
            "purpose": "text-mining",
            "return_type": "application/pdf"
        },
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/645/3821",
            "purpose": "text-mining",
            "return_type": "application/xml"
        },
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/645/576",
            "purpose": "similarity-checking"
        }
    ],
    "abstract": {
        "value": "Increasingly, healthcare is provided by a team of care providers from different organizations. Cross-organizational healthcare data sharing is a major issue in interoperable healthcare organizations. Studies have shown that quality of care can be put at risk when patients are transferred from one organization to another, while the need for protecting patient privacy is sometimes an inhibitor to providing information computing technology (ICT) solutions. This paper presents a systematic literature review of crossorganizational healthcare data sharing. The review includes research related to laws and regulations as well as proposed methodological and ICT solutions. Our methodology for querying, filtering and selecting relevant papers from scientific, academic and general repositories is explained and the selected papers are categorized and compared in terms of scope, contributions, and future directions. Based on this analysis, we outline a possible research direction for developing ICT solutions that healthcare providers and regulators would be willing to adopt. Based on our review, we concluded that inspite of the liberal regulations around data sharing among authorized healthcare providers, these organizations are utterly reluctant to collaborate on patient information. Fear of a breech of personal health information, and the shortage of technological facilitators that are compatible with the existing health information systems, are the main causes of the cross-organizational interoperability problems in the healthcare sector. The existing collaborative technologies require considerable initial investments that the current healthcare system is not willing to spend funds on.",
        "lang": "en"
    },
    "license": {
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "start": "2021-01-01",
        "applies_to": "vor"
    },
    "references": [
        {
            "key": "ref1",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.amepre.2011.01.012",
            "unstructured": "Abernethy A., Wheeler J., and Bull J., \"Development of a Health Information Technology–Based Data System in Community-Based Hospice and Palliative Care\"AJPM 40,5(2011): 217-224"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref2",
            "doi": "10.12927/hcq..16946",
            "unstructured": "Beardwood J., Kerr J., \"Coming soon to a health sector near you: an advance look at the new Ontario Personal Health Information Protection Act (PHIPA): part II.\" Healthcare quarterly, 2005: 76-83"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref3",
            "doi": "10.1136/amiajnl-2014-002804",
            "unstructured": "Campos-Castillo C., Anthony D.,\"The double-edged sword of electronic health records: implications for patient disclosure.\" JAMIA, 2014"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref4",
            "doi": "10.1111/bcpt.12055",
            "unstructured": "Cars, Thomas, et al. \"Extraction of Electronic Health Record Data in a Hospital Setting: Comparison of Automatic and Semi-Automatic Anti-Methods Using TNF Therapy as Model.\" Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology 116, no. 6 (2013): 392-400"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref5",
            "unstructured": "Cavoukian A.”A Guide to the Personal Health Information Protection Act”,Information and privacy commissioner, Toronto: ipc.on.ca, 2004"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref6",
            "doi": "10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51185.x",
            "unstructured": "Coleman, E., “Falling through the cracks: challenges and opportunities for improving transitional care for persons with continuous complex care needs”,JAGS 51,4(2003):549-555"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref7",
            "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0028071",
            "unstructured": "El Emam K., Elizabeth J., et al“A Systematic Review of Re-Identification Attacks on Health Data”,PLoS ONE 6,12(2011):1- 12"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref8",
            "doi": "10.1136/jamia.2009.000232",
            "unstructured": "El Emam,K,et al.“The inadvertent disclosure of personal health information through peer-to- peer file sharing programs.”JAMIA 17, 2 (2010)"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref9",
            "doi": "10.2196/jmir.8.4.e28",
            "unstructured": "El Emam,K, Jabbouri, S, et al.\"Evaluating common deidentification heuristics for personal health information\" JMIR 8,4(2010)"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref10",
            "doi": "10.4338/aci-2011-05-r-0027",
            "unstructured": "Haux, Reinhold. \"Health information systems : past, present, future.\" nternational journal of medical informatics 75, 3 (2006): 268-281. Hincapie,A.,&Warholak,T.(2011).The impact of health information exchange on health outcomes.Applied Clinical Informatics,2(4), 499-507. HNHB LHIN.\"Integration in HNHB LHIN.\" May2011.http://www.hnhblhin.on.ca/accountability/integration.aspx(retrieved Nov10, 2014)"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref11",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.infsof.2008.09.009",
            "unstructured": "Kitchenhama, Barbara, et al. \"Systematic literature reviews in software engineering-A tertiary study.\" IST 51, no. 1 (2009): 7- 15"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref12",
            "doi": "10.1197/jamia.m2475",
            "unstructured": "Korst L., Signer J., Aydin C., Fink A. \"Identifying Organizational Capacities and Incentives for Clinical Data sharing: The Case of a Regional Perinatal Information System.\" JAMIA 15, no. 2 (2008): 195-197"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref13",
            "doi": "10.4018/978-1-4666-3000-0.ch001",
            "unstructured": "Kuziemsky, Craig. \"Interoperability, A Multi-Tiered Perspective on Healthcare.\" In Interoperability in Healthcare Information Systems Standards Management and Technology, by Miguel Ángel Sicilia and Pablo Balazote. IGI Global, 2013"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref14",
            "doi": "10.1016/s0840-4704(10)60776-4",
            "unstructured": "Leonard K. \"Information Systems for Healthcare: Why we haven't had more success: The Top 15 Reasons.\" HMF 13, no. 3 (2000): 45-51"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref15",
            "unstructured": "Local Health Integration Network. \"Online patient records enhancing care for 2 million Ontarians.\" August 9, 2011. http://www.hnhblhin.on.ca/goalsandachievements/value/ehealth/eHealthinHNHBLHIN/ClinicalConnect.aspx (accessed November 10, 2014)"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref16",
            "doi": "10.2196/jmir.2701",
            "unstructured": "Luchenski S., Reed J,et.al.\"Patient and Public Views on Electronic Health Records and Their Uses in the United Kingdom\" JMIR 15,8(2013)"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref17",
            "doi": "10.1007/s10796-011-9296-y",
            "unstructured": "Mouttham A., Kuziemsky C., et al. \"Interoperable Support for Collaborative, Mobile, and Accessible Health Care.\" JISF 14, 1 Journal of Science and Technology ISSN: 2456-5660 Volume 6, Issue 04 (July-August 2021) www.jst.org.in DOI:https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i04.pp274-282 (2012): 73-85"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref18",
            "doi": "10.2139/ssrn.1954824",
            "unstructured": "Okoli C.,Schabram K.,\"A Guide to Conducting a Systematic Literature Review of Information Systems Research\"Sprouts:WPIS10,26 (2010). PeytonL.,DoshiC.,et al.\"Information Rich Monitoring of Interoperating ServicesinPrivacy Enabled B2B Networks\"IJAMC4,3(2010):258-273"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref19",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.is.2013.07.002",
            "unstructured": "Pietro P., Esposito C. et.al.\"An event-based notification approach for the delivery of patient medical information.\" IS 39 (2014):22-44"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref20",
            "doi": "10.1503/cmaj.100856",
            "unstructured": "Rozenblum R. et al.\"A qualitative study of Canada's experience with the implementation of electronic health information technology\"CMAJ 183,5(2011): 281-288"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref21",
            "unstructured": "Software Engineering Group. Guidelines for performing Systematic Literature Reviews in Software Engineering Version 2.3"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref22",
            "unstructured": "Technical, Department of Computer Science, University of Durham, Durham, UK: Kitchenham, 2007, 1-57"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref23",
            "doi": "10.1186/1472-6947-10-35",
            "unstructured": "Tu K., Klein J. et.al.\"De-identification of primary care electronic medical records free-text data in Ontario\"BMC MIDM10,1 (2010): 35"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref24",
            "doi": "10.4338/aci-2013-10-ra-0083",
            "unstructured": "Vest, J. R., Vest, L. M., Kern, T. R., Campion, M. D., Silver, R., & Kaushal. (2014). Association between use of a health information exchange system and hospital admissions. Applied clinical informatics, 5 (1), 219-231"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref25",
            "doi": "10.1503/cmaj.109-4516",
            "unstructured": "Webster P., \"Big data's dirty secret.\" Canadian Medical Association. Journal; CMAJ 185, no. 11 (2013)"
        }
    ],
    "record": {
        "registrant": "Longman Publishers",
        "registered": "2026-09-23",
        "updated": "2026-09-27",
        "issue_number": 1,
        "source": "crossref-api",
        "source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
    }
}

The Kernel Metadata Declaration

DOIMetadataKernel.xsd · namespace http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema · Attribute Value Sets 2.3 · draft — the agency's DOI name is filled in on accreditation

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- DRAFT declaration: Smart Scholars is not yet a DOI Registration Agency. registrationAgencyDoiName is a marker (10.0/ is no RA's prefix) and is filled in on accreditation. -->
<kernelMetadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema https://www.doi.org/doi_schemas/DOIMetadataKernel.xsd" xmlns="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema">
  <referentDoiName>10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i04.pp274-282</referentDoiName>
  <primaryReferentType>Creation</primaryReferentType>
  <registrationAgencyDoiName>10.0/smart-scholars-draft</registrationAgencyDoiName>
  <issueDate>2026-10-04</issueDate>
  <issueNumber>1</issueNumber>
  <referentCreation>
    <name primaryLanguage="en">
      <value>A Review of Cross Organizational Healthcare Data Sharing</value>
      <type>PrincipalTitle</type>
    </name>
    <identifier>
      <nonUriValue>10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i04.pp274-282</nonUriValue>
      <uri returnType="text/html" doesContentNegotiation="true">https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i04.pp274-282</uri>
      <type>DOI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri returnType="text/html">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/645</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri>https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/645/576</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri returnType="application/xml">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/645/3821</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri>https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/645/576</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <structuralType>Digital</structuralType>
    <mode>Visual</mode>
    <character>Language</character>
    <type>JournalArticle</type>
    <principalAgent>
      <name>
        <value>M Shailaja</value>
        <type>PrincipalName</type>
      </name>
      <role>Author</role>
    </principalAgent>
    <principalAgent>
      <name>
        <value>Y.Laxmi Prasanna</value>
        <type>PrincipalName</type>
      </name>
      <role>Author</role>
    </principalAgent>
    <principalAgent>
      <name>
        <value>M.Rambabu</value>
        <type>PrincipalName</type>
      </name>
      <role>Author</role>
    </principalAgent>
    <principalAgent>
      <name>
        <value>Longman Publishers</value>
        <type>PrincipalName</type>
      </name>
      <role>Publisher</role>
    </principalAgent>
    <linkedCreation>
      <name>
        <value>Journal of Science &amp; Technology</value>
        <type>PrincipalTitle</type>
      </name>
      <identifier>
        <nonUriValue>2456-5660</nonUriValue>
        <type>ISSN</type>
      </identifier>
      <referentCreationRole>Part</referentCreationRole>
      <referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
        <value>06</value>
        <type>VolumeNumber</type>
      </referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
      <referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
        <value>04</value>
        <type>IssueNumber</type>
      </referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
      <referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
        <value>274-282</value>
        <type>PageNumber</type>
      </referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
    </linkedCreation>
    <language>en</language>
    <languageOfReferentContent>
      <language>en</language>
      <languageOfReferentContentType>Original</languageOfReferentContentType>
    </languageOfReferentContent>
    <creationDate>
      <date>2021</date>
      <creationDateType>PublicationDate</creationDateType>
    </creationDate>
  </referentCreation>
</kernelMetadata>
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