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Kernel Metadata Declaration — on demand

ISO 26324 asks a DOI Registration Agency to produce a Kernel Metadata Declaration for every DOI it issues. Give any DOI: its public record becomes a record in the Smart Scholars DOI Metadata Format 1.0, checked against every rule, and declared as the Kernel XML.

Reads the DOI's public Crossref record; nothing is stored. Until Smart Scholars is accredited, every Declaration is marked as a draft in the XML itself.

✓ Meets every rule of the format

The record below is complete and every controlled value is a DOI Attribute Value Set 2.3 spelling. The Declaration on the right follows DOIMetadataKernel.xsd element by element.

What the DOI identifies

Automobile Waste Heat Recovery System Using Thermoelectric Generator

10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i3.pp58-61 · JournalArticle — an article in a journal · Digital · Visual · Language · en

Published 2020-05-06

Part of Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 5 · no. 3 · pp. 58–61

Principal agents

  • Longman Publishers (publisher → Publisher)

Also in the record, outside the Kernel: the abstract, the licence, 3 links, 11 references. Source: Crossref (member 25296), registered 2020-05-06, last deposited 2026-09-17.

⬇ Record (JSON) ⬇ Declaration (XML)

System metadata — ISO 26324:2025, Annex B · DOI Handbook 10.1

Each element by the standard's name and the Handbook's (in grey), read off the record.

DOI Name
DOI name
10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i3.pp58-61
Referent Type
referentType
Creation
Referent Sub-Type
referentSubType
JournalArticle — an article in a journal
Referent Name(s)
referentName(s)
Automobile Waste Heat Recovery System Using Thermoelectric Generator (PrincipalTitle, en)
Basic Metadata
basicMetadata
publisher: Longman Publishers
published: 2020-05-06
part of: Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 5 · no. 3 · pp. 58–61
language: en
form: Digital · Visual · Language
Referent Identifier(s)
alternateIdentifier(s)
none besides the DOI
Registration Authority
registrationAuthorityCode
Crossref — issued by Crossref (member 25296); held here as a copy
Created Date
issueDate
2020-05-06
relatedIdentifiersnone needed — the descriptive metadata is in this record

The record

{
    "format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0",
    "doi": "10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i3.pp58-61",
    "referent": "Creation",
    "type": "JournalArticle",
    "structural_type": "Digital",
    "modes": [
        "Visual"
    ],
    "characters": [
        "Language"
    ],
    "titles": [
        {
            "value": "Automobile Waste Heat Recovery System Using Thermoelectric Generator",
            "type": "PrincipalTitle",
            "lang": "en"
        }
    ],
    "identifiers": [
        {
            "type": "DOI",
            "value": "10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i3.pp58-61"
        }
    ],
    "agents": [
        {
            "role": "publisher",
            "name": {
                "org": "Longman Publishers"
            }
        }
    ],
    "dates": {
        "published": "2020-05-06",
        "date_type": "PublicationDate",
        "online": "2020-05-06"
    },
    "language": "en",
    "container": {
        "type": "Journal",
        "titles": [
            {
                "value": "Journal of Science & Technology",
                "type": "PrincipalTitle"
            }
        ],
        "identifiers": [
            {
                "type": "ISSN",
                "value": "2456-5660",
                "medium": "electronic"
            }
        ],
        "volume": "5",
        "issue": "3",
        "pages": {
            "first": "58",
            "last": "61"
        }
    },
    "links": [
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/357",
            "return_type": "text/html",
            "primary": true
        },
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/357/317",
            "purpose": "text-mining",
            "return_type": "application/pdf"
        },
        {
            "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/357/3122",
            "purpose": "text-mining",
            "return_type": "application/xml"
        }
    ],
    "abstract": {
        "value": "Energy crisis is major problem in this era. Thermoelectric generator is a promising solution for this problem. This research aims to recover waste heat energy from automobile by converting it into electrical energy using thermoelectric generator. Thermoelectric generator is applied at automobile exhaust system to produce electrical energy from heat energy directly with a phenomenon called see-beck effect. This work develops a heat exchanger model with thermoelectric generator for automobile waste heat recovery in which heat source and cold sink are actually modeled. Main emphasis is put on effective temperature difference across the TEGs to get better performance of the exhaust waste heat recovery system. This research shows that the model is able to produce up to 2.67 W energy using 3 Numbers of TEGs in this design.",
        "lang": "en"
    },
    "license": {
        "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
        "start": "2020-05-06",
        "applies_to": "vor"
    },
    "references": [
        {
            "key": "ref1",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.12.067",
            "unstructured": "Niu Xing, Yu Jianlin, Wang Shuzhoug. Experimental study on low temperature waste heat thermoelectric generator. J Power Sources 2009;188:621-6"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref2",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.enconman.2016.01.059",
            "unstructured": "He W, Wang S, Zhao Y, Li Y. Effects of heat transfer characteristics between fluid channels and thermoelectric modules on optimal thermoelectric performance. Energy Convers Manage 2016;113:201–8"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref3",
            "doi": "10.1109/ict.1998.740419",
            "unstructured": "Ikoma K, Munekiyo M, Furuya K, Kobayashi M, Izumi T, Shinohara K. Thermoelectric generator for gasoline engine vehicles using Bi2Te3 modules. J Jpn Inst Met 1999;63:1475–8"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref4",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.10.081",
            "unstructured": "A review of car waste heat recovery systems utilising thermoelectric generators and heat pipes- B. Orr a,*, A. Akbarzadeh a, M. Mochizuki b, R. Singh- www.elsevier.com/locate/apthermeng-Applied Thermal Engineering 101 (2016) 490–495"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref5",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.078",
            "unstructured": "High net power output analysis with changes in exhaust temperature in a thermoelectric generator system-Wei He, Shixue Wang ⇑, Like Yue- www.elsevier.com/locate/apenergy"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref6",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.08.092",
            "unstructured": "Heat Transfer Enhancement of a Modularised Thermoelectric Power Generator for Passenger Vehicles-Bo Li, Kuo Huang, Yuying Yan, Yong Li, SsennogaTwaha, Jie Zhu"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref7",
            "doi": "10.1007/s42154-018-0006-z",
            "unstructured": "A Novel Design of Thermoelectric Generator for Automotive Waste Heat Recovery-Kuo Huang, Yuying Yan, Bo Li, Yong Li, Kai Li, Jun Li-SPRINGER 2017"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref8",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.116",
            "unstructured": "Numerical analysis of the effects of electrical and thermal configurations of thermoelectric modules in large-scale thermoelectric generators I.R. Cózara,⁎, T. Pujola, M. Lehockyb-Applied Energy 229 (2018) 264–280"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref9",
            "doi": "10.1007/s11664-018-6282-x",
            "unstructured": "Optimal Design of an Automotive Exhaust Thermoelectric Generator Hassan Fagehi,1,2,4 Alaa Attar,3 And Hosung Lee1-Journal of ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (2018)"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref10",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.095",
            "unstructured": "Performance analysis of a thermoelectric generator applied to wet flue gas waste heat recovery Yulong Zhaoa, ShixueWanga,⁎, Minghui Geb, Yanzhe Lia, ZhaojunLianga, Yurong Yanga-Applied Energy 228 (2018) 2080-2089"
        },
        {
            "key": "ref11",
            "doi": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.233",
            "unstructured": "Performance investigation of an intermediate fluid thermoelectric generator for automobile exhaust waste heat recovery Yulong Zhao, Shixue Wang, Minghui Ge, Zhaojun Liang, Yifan Liang, Yanzhe Li-Applied Energy 239 (2019) 425–433"
        }
    ],
    "record": {
        "registrant": "Longman Publishers",
        "registered": "2020-05-06",
        "updated": "2026-09-17",
        "issue_number": 1,
        "source": "crossref-api",
        "source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
    }
}

The Kernel Metadata Declaration

DOIMetadataKernel.xsd · namespace http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema · Attribute Value Sets 2.3 · draft — the agency's DOI name is filled in on accreditation

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- DRAFT declaration: Smart Scholars is not yet a DOI Registration Agency. registrationAgencyDoiName is a marker (10.0/ is no RA's prefix) and is filled in on accreditation. -->
<kernelMetadata xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema https://www.doi.org/doi_schemas/DOIMetadataKernel.xsd" xmlns="http://www.doi.org/2010/DOISchema">
  <referentDoiName>10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i3.pp58-61</referentDoiName>
  <primaryReferentType>Creation</primaryReferentType>
  <registrationAgencyDoiName>10.0/smart-scholars-draft</registrationAgencyDoiName>
  <issueDate>2026-10-04</issueDate>
  <issueNumber>1</issueNumber>
  <referentCreation>
    <name primaryLanguage="en">
      <value>Automobile Waste Heat Recovery System Using Thermoelectric Generator</value>
      <type>PrincipalTitle</type>
    </name>
    <identifier>
      <nonUriValue>10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i3.pp58-61</nonUriValue>
      <uri returnType="text/html" doesContentNegotiation="true">https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i3.pp58-61</uri>
      <type>DOI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri returnType="text/html">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/357</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri>https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/357/317</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <identifier>
      <uri returnType="application/xml">https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/357/3122</uri>
      <type>URI</type>
    </identifier>
    <structuralType>Digital</structuralType>
    <mode>Visual</mode>
    <character>Language</character>
    <type>JournalArticle</type>
    <principalAgent>
      <name>
        <value>Longman Publishers</value>
        <type>PrincipalName</type>
      </name>
      <role>Publisher</role>
    </principalAgent>
    <linkedCreation>
      <name>
        <value>Journal of Science &amp; Technology</value>
        <type>PrincipalTitle</type>
      </name>
      <identifier>
        <nonUriValue>2456-5660</nonUriValue>
        <type>ISSN</type>
      </identifier>
      <referentCreationRole>Part</referentCreationRole>
      <referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
        <value>5</value>
        <type>VolumeNumber</type>
      </referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
      <referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
        <value>3</value>
        <type>IssueNumber</type>
      </referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
      <referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
        <value>58-61</value>
        <type>PageNumber</type>
      </referentCreationSequenceIdentifier>
    </linkedCreation>
    <language>en</language>
    <languageOfReferentContent>
      <language>en</language>
      <languageOfReferentContentType>Original</languageOfReferentContentType>
    </languageOfReferentContent>
    <creationDate>
      <date>2020-05-06</date>
      <creationDateType>PublicationDate</creationDateType>
    </creationDate>
  </referentCreation>
</kernelMetadata>
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